Amabwiriza n'amategeko yo gukoresha serivisi

Aya mabwiriza n'amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ry'urubuga rucungwa na Duncan for KC na Duncan Admin, porogaramu yayo yihariye yo kuyobora ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza. Areba amakuru ari ku rubuga, amafishi, n'ibikoresho bihuza abantu ndetse n'ikoreshwa ryemewe rya Duncan Admin. Murasabwa gukoresha ibyo bikoresho mukurikije aya mabwiriza n'amategeko ndetse n'amategeko akurikizwa. Niba mutemera aya mabwiriza n'amategeko, ntimukoreshe ibikoresho bihuza abantu.

Uru ni urubuga rw'iyamamaza mu bya politiki, si urubuga rwa leta cyangwa inzira yemewe itanga serivisi z'umujyi. Politiki y'Ubuzima bwite yacu isobanura uko amakuru akoreshwa. Aya mabwiriza n'amategeko ntabwo asobanura ko wemeye kohererezwa imeri z'iyamamaza zitari itegeko cyangwa gukoresha amakuru yawe bwite mu buryo bushya.

Muremerewe gusoma, gushyiraho ihuza (link), kuganira kuri uru rubuga, no kurusangiza abandi ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Ntabwo mukeneye konti kugira ngo murusure. Mukoreshe amakuru y'ukuri igihe mugize icyo musaba, kandi mutange amakuru bwite y'undi muntu gusa igihe mufite uruhushya cyangwa indi mpamvu yemewe n'amategeko.

• Mwikwigira undi muntu cyangwa ibikorwa by'iyamamaza, mwikohereza ubusabe bw'uburiganya, cyangwa ngo mubeshye ku byerekeye gushyigikira cyangwa gukorana natwe.
• Mwigushyiraho porogaramu zangiza, mwikugerageza kwinjira aho mutemerewe, mwikwica uburyo bwo kurinda umutekano, cyangwa ngo muremereze urubuga mukoresheje ubusabe bwikora.
• Mwigukoresha amafishi (forms) mu kohereza iterabwoba rinyuranyije n'amategeko, ubutumwa butifuzwa (spam), cyangwa amakuru ahonyora ubuzima bwite cyangwa uburenganzira bw'undi muntu.
• Mwigukuramo inyandiko z'ibanga z'ibyo abantu bohereje cyangwa ngo mukoreshe uru rubuga mu kubona amakuru bwite y'abantu mutemerewe kugeraho.

Ibi bibujijwe bigamije gukumira ikoreshwa nabi ry'urubuga. Ntabwo bibuza kunenga mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko, itangazamakuru, ibiganiro bya politiki, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo burengerwa n'amategeko.

Amafishi (forms) ntabwo agenewe abana bari munsi y'imyaka 13. Abana bakuru batarageza ku myaka y'ubukure bashobora gukenera uruhare rw'umubyeyi cyangwa urw'ubarerera kugira ngo bagire uruhare. Murebe igice cyerekeye amakuru y'abana muri Politiki y'Ubuzima bwite.

Kohereza ifishi byemerera ibikorwa by'iyamamaza kwakira no gukoresha ayo makuru ku mpamvu z'ubusabe bwanyu, hakurikijwe Politiki y'Ubuzima bwite. Mugumana inshingano ku bikubiye mu byo mwohereza. Mwikohereza amagambo y'ibanga (passwords), amakuru y'ikarita yo kwishyura, imibare y'ibyangombwa bya leta, inyandiko z'ubuvuzi, cyangwa amakuru y'ibanga ibikorwa by'iyamamaza bidakeneye.

Ugumana uburenganzira bwose bw'ubwoko bwa nyir'ibintu ku byo wohereza. Uha itsinda ry'iyamamaza gusa uruhushya rukenewe mu buryo bukwiye rwo kwakira, kubika, gusuzuma, no gusubiza ibyo wohereje. Kohereza ubutumwa bwite ntibitanga uburenganzira rusange bwo kubushyira ahagaragara, gukoresha isura yawe, cyangwa kukugaragaza nk'umuntu ubashyigikiye ku mugaragaro.

Icyemezo cy'uko ifomu yoherejwe bisobanura ko ibyo wohereje byabitswe. Nticyemeza ko imeri yageze, ko wanditswe ku rutonde rw'abohererezwa imeri, ko wahawe inshingano nk'umutangabushake, ko hari inama, igikorwa, amasezerano y'akazi, cyangwa irindi sezerano. Ibisobanuro by'uburyo bwo kwitabira bisaba icyemezo cyihariye giturutse mu itsinda ry'iyamamaza.

Amakuru yo kuri imeri y'itsinda ry'iyamamaza si itegeko kandi asaba uburenganzira bwihariye bugaragara ku ifomu ibigenewe. Kohereza ikibazo cyangwa kugaragaza ko wifuza kuba umutangabushake ntibihita bihitamo ubwo buryo mu buryo bwikora.

Ushobora gukuraho ubusabe bwawe bwo kwakira amakuru yo kuri imeri y'itsinda ry'iyamamaza ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuvamo buri muri imeri y'itsinda ry'iyamamaza, iyo buhari, cyangwa ukandikira itsinda ry'iyamamaza. Ubusabe bujyanye n'ibyo wari waramaze kohereza bushobora kuba bugikeneye igisubizo. Aya mabwiriza n'amategeko by'urubuga ntibikwandika mu bakira ubutumwa bugufi bwa telefone cyangwa ngo bitange uruhushya rwo guhamagarwa mu buryo bwikora.

Imiyoboro yo gutanga inkunga ikujyana ku rundi rubuga rwo kwishyuriraho ruzwi ku ruhande. Amabwiriza yarwo yo kwishyura, politiki y'ubuzima bwite, amategeko yo kwishyura, n'uruhushya urwo ari rwo rwose rwo gutanga inkunga ihoraho ni byo bigenga iryo hererekanya ry'amafaranga aho hantu. Soma amakuru y'inkunga n'ibyemezo mbere yo kohereza ubwishyu. Uru rubuga ntirukusanya amakuru y'ikarita yo kwishyura binyuze mu mafomu yarwo.

Inkunga zigomba kuba zujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko bijyanye n'uburenganzira bwo gutanga inkunga, aho zituruka, ingano yazo, ndetse no kuzimenyekanisha. Ntutange inkunga mu izina ry'undi muntu cyangwa ngo utange amakuru uzi ko ari ibinyoma. Itsinda ry'iyamamaza rishobora kwanga cyangwa gusubiza inkunga iyo amategeko abitegeka cyangwa igihe bibaye ngombwa mu bundi buryo.

Inkunga za politiki ntizishobora gukurwa mu musoro nk'inkunga z'ubugiraneza ku bijyanye n'umusoro ku nyungu wo ku rwego rw'igihugu (federal). Inkunga ntigura ibicuruzwa, ntiyizeza ikizava muri politiki runaka, kandi ntihesha uburenganzira bwo kubona serivisi cyangwa ubufasha bwihariye.

Ku bijyanye n'ikosa ryo kwishyura, ikibazo cyo gusubizwa amafaranga, cyangwa guhindura inkunga itangwa buri gihe, koresha uburyo buri ku nyemezabwishyu y'inkunga yawe cyangwa wandikire ibiro byo kwiyamamaza. Aya mabwiriza n'amategeko ntasezeranya gusubizwa amafaranga mu buryo bwikora cyangwa ngo asimbure uburenganzira ubwo ari bwo bwose buteganywa n'amategeko akurikizwa. Amakuru asabwa ku watanze inkunga ashobora gushyirwa muri raporo zishyirwa ahagaragara z'imari yo kwiyamamaza.

Duncan Admin ni iy'abakozi babyemerewe bo mu gikorwa cyo kwiyamamaza. Bika mu ibanga uburyo ukoresha winjira, uzuza igenzura ry'umutekano risabwa, kandi ukoreshe gusa uburenganzira wahawe. Menyesha ibiro byo kwiyamamaza bidatinze niba igikoresho, konti, cyangwa uburyo bwo kwinjira bishobora kuba byinjiriwe cyangwa niba ububasha bwawe bwahindutse.

Huza gusa konti ya banki ya komite yo kwiyamamaza ufite uburenganzira bwo gutanga ku bw'ibaruramari ryo kwiyamamaza. Ntukahuze konti zawe bwite cyangwa iz'abatanga inkunga, ntugasangize abandi uburyo bwo kwinjira bw'undi muntu, ntukarenge ku bugenzuzi bw'uburenganzira bwo kwinjira, cyangwa ngo ukoreshe amakuru ya banki mu kindi gikorwa kitajyanye n'ibi.

Guhuza na banki byemerera amakuru ya konti n'ay'ihererekanyamafaranga gukoreshwa mu kugereranya imibare no kubika inyandiko zo kwiyamamaza. Ntibiha Duncan Admin uburenganzira bwo kwimura amafaranga. Banki cyangwa serivisi ihuza bishobora gusaba urundi ruhushya rwihariye; kwemera aya mabwiriza n'amategeko gusa ntibihuza konti cyangwa ngo bitange urwo ruhushya.

Mbere yo guhuza, soma kandi wemere imenyesha ryerekeye amakuru ya banki. Risobanura ikusanywa, ububiko, ivugurura rikorwa buri gihe, guhagarika guhuza, n'ibisabwa bijyanye n'ubuzima bwite. Guhagarika guhuza ntibikuraho inyandiko ibiro byo kwiyamamaza bigomba kubika. Abakozi babyemerewe bakomeza kuba ari bo bashinzwe kugenzura amakuru yinjijwe bayagereranya n'inyandiko za banki ndetse na raporo zo kwiyamamaza zisabwa.

Aderesi zerekanywa n'ibisubizo ku turere bitangwa kugira ngo bikorohereze. Bishobora kuba bituzuye, bishaje, cyangwa bitari byo kandi ntibishyiraho Kwiyandikisha ku ilisiti y'itora, uburenganzira bwo gutora, aho utorera, cyangwa icyemezo cyemewe cy'akarere ubarizwamo. Emeza amakuru y'itora ubaza urwego rubishinzwe rw'amatora unyuze mu bikoresho by'itora byemewe biri mu Amabwiriza y'amatora.

Igice cy'aderesi kirimo ahantu herekanywa n'amakuru akomoka muri serivisi yo hanze itanga amakarita. Gukoresha icyo gice bigengwa n'amabwiriza n'amategeko bya serivisi y'aderesi hamwe na politiki y'ubuzima bwite ya serivisi y'aderesi, byashyizwe hano ku bw'icyo gice. Igice cy'ubuzima bwite kijyanye no gushakisha aderesi gisobanura ibyoherezwa n'ibibikwa.

Uru rubuga rurimo inyandiko z'iyamamaza, ibishushanyo, amafoto, ibirango (logos), n'ibindi bikoresho by'iyamamaza cyangwa bikoreshwa habanje gusabwa uburenganzira cyangwa hakoreshejwe uruhushya (license). Ibikoresho by'abandi bikomeza kugengwa n'uburenganzira bwabyo ndetse n'amategeko y'uruhushya rwabyo. Nta kintu na kimwe hano giha iyamamaza uburenganzira bwo kwiyitirira igihangano cy'undi muntu.

Ushobora gushyiraho imiyoboro (links) ijya ku mapaji rusange kandi ugakoresha uburyo bwo gusangiza abandi buri kuri uru rubuga. Ubundi buryo bwose bwo kongera gukoresha ibiri ku rubuga bugomba kuba bwemewe n'uruhushya bireba, uburenganzira bwanditse, cyangwa amategeko abigenga, harimo no kubikoresha mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko (fair use). Ntukerekane ibintu byahinduwe nk'aho ari itangazo ryemewe ry'iyamamaza cyangwa ngo ukoreshe ibirango by'iyamamaza mu buryo bubeshya ko hari inkunga cyangwa ko byemejwe n'iyamamaza.

Niba ukeka ko hari ikintu kiri kuri uru rubuga kibangamira uburenganzira bwawe, andikira abashinzwe iyamamaza ubahe aderesi y'iyo paji, ibisobanuro by'icyo kintu, isano ufitanye na cyo, n'uburyo twakuvugisha. Ntukongeremo amakuru y'ibanga atari ngombwa.

Imiyoboro (links) ikuvana kuri uru rubuga ishobora kukujyana kuri serivisi zo gutanga inkunga, ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ku mbuga zemewe zifasha abatora, no ku zindi mbuga za interineti zigenga. Abazigenzura ni bo bafite ububasha ku birimo, uko ziboneka, umutekano wazo, n'amabwiriza yazo. Banza usome ayo mabwiriza mbere yo gukoresha serivisi cyangwa kohereza amakuru.

Umuyoboro (link) ntuhindura serivisi yo hanze igice cy'iyamamaza cyangwa ngo wemeze ko ibiyirimo ari ukuri. Iyamamaza ribazwa ibikorwa byaryo bwite ndetse n'inshingano amategeko agenga ibi ataryemerera guhererekanya cyangwa kwihakana.

Intego yacu ni ugukomeza gutanga amakuru y'ukuri y'iyamamaza no gutuma urubuga rukoreshwa neza, ariko amapaji n'ibikoresho bishobora kubamo amakosa, kuba bishaje, cyangwa se ntiyaboneka mu gihe gito. Dushobora gukosora ibirimo, guhindura imikorere, cyangwa guhagarika uburyo bwo kwinjira ku rubuga mu gihe turimo kurusana cyangwa kurinda umutekano warwo. Turagusaba kumenyesha igikoresho kidakora cyangwa imbogamizi yo gukoresha urubuga unyuze ku ifishi yo kwandikira iyamamaza.

Amakuru ari ku rubuga ni amakuru rusange y'iyamamaza, si inama zihariye z'amategeko, imisoro, imari, ubuvuzi, cyangwa izindi nama z'abanyamwuga zigenewe umuntu ku giti cye. Amagambo avuga kuri politiki asobanura aho iyamamaza rihagaze, ibyifuzo byaryo, cyangwa imirimo yakozwe ifitiwe gihamya; ntabwo yizeza ibizava mu mategeko cyangwa mu byemezo bya leta mu gihe kizaza.

Ku rwego rwemewe n'amategeko abigenga, uru rubuga rutangwa uko ruri, nta cyemeza ko uzaruhuriraho ubudahagarara, ko ibirimwo nta makosa bifite, cyangwa ko riberanye n'impamvu runaka yihariye. Iyi ngingo ntikuraho icyo twiyemeje mu buryo bweruye mu mabwiriza yacu agenga Ubuzima bwite cyangwa inshingano y'amategeko ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza bigomba kubahiriza.

Ku rwego rwemewe n'amategeko abigenga, ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza ntibiryozwa igihombo kitaziguye cyangwa igikomoka ku kindi gitewe no guhagarara k'urubuga, igikoresho gitanga amakuru atari yo, cyangwa serivisi yigenga itari mu bushobozi bwabyo. Inshingano ku kirego cyose zishingira ku bimenyetso bihari n'amategeko abigenga.

Nta kintu na kimwe muri aya mabwiriza n'amategeko gikuraho inshingano idashobora gukurwaho mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko, gihanagura uburiganya cyangwa ikosa ryakozwe nkana, cyangwa cyaka umuntu uburenganzira budashobora kwamburwa. Aya mabwiriza n'amategeko ntasaba ubuvugizi bw'abakemurampaka ku gahato, ntakuraho uburenganzira bwo kuburana mu izina ry'itsinda, kandi ntagusaba kuriha indishyi ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza kubera gukoresha urubuga mu buryo busanzwe.

Amategeko ya Leta ya Missouri n'amategeko ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika abigenga ni yo agenga aya mabwiriza n'amategeko, hatavanyweho uburinzi bugukwiriye mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko kandi budashobora kwamburwa. Urukiko rufite ububasha bwemewe n'amategeko rushobora kuburanisha impaka; aya mabwiriza n'amategeko ntategeka ko urubanza rubera mu rukiko rwihariye rwa kure gusa.

Reka hagire ikibazo kivuka, ushobora kwandikira abashinzwe ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza kugira ngo mushake umuti ufatika. Kubikora si ibanziriza ryo gukoresha uburenganzira bwawe bwemewe n'amategeko. Niba ingingo imwe idashobora gukurikizwa, ingingo zisigaye zikomeza gukurikizwa ku rwego rwemewe n'amategeko.

Itariki yo gutangira gukurikizwa iri hejuru ni yo iranga iyi nyandiko. Dushobora kuvugurura aya mabwiriza n'amategeko uko urubuga cyangwa ibisabwa n'amategeko bihinduka. Ibyavuguruwe bikurikizwa ku bikorwa bizaza, kandi kumenyesha cyangwa amasezerano y'inyongera asabwa n'amategeko bizatangwa. Inyandiko nshya ntisubiramo amabwiriza agenga inkunga yamaze gutangwa cyangwa ngo ireme uruhushya rushya ku makuru yakusanyijwe mbere.

Ibibazo bijyanye n'aya mabwiriza n'amategeko, kugera ku rubuga, cyangwa ikibazo cyerekeye urubuga bishobora koherezwa binyuze ku ifishi yo kwandikira ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza bya Duncan for KC. Amakuru ajyanye n'ubwo butumwa agengwa n'amabwiriza yacu agenga Ubuzima bwite.